Five
Pillars of Islam :
Righteousness
is not (merely) that you turn your faces to the East and the West; but
righteousness is that one believes in Allah and the Last Day and the angels and
the Book and the Prophets, and gives wealth, despite (his) love for it, to
relatives, and to orphans, the helpless, the wayfarer, and to those who ask,
and (spends) in (freeing) slaves and observes the Salat (prayers) and pays
Zakat-and (the act of) those who fulfill their covenant when they enter into a
covenant, and, of course, those who are patient in hardship and suffering and
when in battle! Those are the ones who are truthful, and those are the
God-fearing.(Qur’an 2:177)
Narrated
Ibn Umar (R.A) Allah's Messenger (P.B.U.H) said: Islam is based on
(the following) five (principles):
1.
To testify that La ilaha illallah wa anna Muhammad-ar-Rasul Allah (none
has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad
is the Messenger of Allah).
2.Iqamat-as-Salat [to
perform the (compulsory congregational) Salat (prayers)].")
3.
To pay Zakat (obligatory charity)
4.
To perform hajj. (i.e. pilgrimage to Makkah).
5.
To observe Saum [fasts (according to Islamic
teachings)] during the month of Ramadan. (Sahih
Bukhari : 8)
It
was narrated from Abu Hurairah that a Bedouin came to the Messenger of Allah
and said: "O Messenger of Allah, tell me of a
deed
which, if I do it, I will enter Paradise." He said: "Worship Allah
and do not associate anything with Him, establish the prescribed Salat, pay
the obligatory Zakat and observe fast (in the month of)
Ramadan." He said: "By the One in Whose Hand is my soul! I shall
never do any more than that or any less."
When
he turned to leave, the Prophet said: "Whoever would like to see a man
from the people of Paradise, let him look at this man."(sahih Muslim : 107)
The Five Pillars of Islam
1-Shahadah:
The confession of faith is
the fundamental expression of Islamic faith and the core of all Islamic law; it
is very simple: "There is no God but God and Muhammad is the messenger of
God" (la illaha illa 'lah Muhammadun rasul 'llah). The shahadah is the
first thing spoken to a newborn and the last thing whispered into ears of the
dead.
Your
god is one God: There is no god but He, the All-Merciful, the Very-Merciful. (Qur’an 2:163)
Surely,
I AM ALLAH. There is no god but Myself, so worship Me, and establish Salah for
My remembrance. (Qur’an 20:14)
He
prays to someone, instead of Allah, who can neither harm him nor benefit him.
That is the error that takes him too far from the right path. (Qur’an 22:12)
Say,
“The truth is that Allah is One. Allah is Besought of all, needing none. He
neither begot anyone, nor was he begotten. And equal to Him has never been any
one. (Qur’an 112:1-4)
And
We sent no Messenger before you except that We revealed to him: There is none
worthy of worship except Me, so worship Me. (Qur’an
21:25)
The
believers are only those whose hearts tremble with fear whenever Allah is
mentioned. And when His verses are recited to them, these increase their faith;
and in their Rabb (Sustainer) they vest their trust. (Qur’an 8:2)
As
for those who believe, and do good deeds, they are the people
of Paradise -there they will live forever (Qur’an 2:82)
Surely
those who believed and did righteous deeds, theirs are the Gardens of Firdaus
(paradise) as entertainment (Qur’an
18:107)
do
not lose hope in the mercy of Allah. In fact, only the infidels lose hope in
Allah’s mercy.” (Qur’an 12:87)
They
oblige you that they have accepted Islam, (as if it was a favour shown to you).
Say, “Do not oblige me for your accepting Islam. Rather, Allah makes you
obliged for His having guided you to the Faith, if you are truthful. (Qur’an 49:17)
Narrated
Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (R.A) The Prophet said, "When the people of Paradise
will enter Paradise and the people of Hell will go to Hell, Allah will order
those who have had faith equal to the weight of a grain of mustard seed to be
taken out from Hell. So they will be taken out but (by then) they will be
blackened (charred). Then they will be put in the river of hayat (life)
(the narrator is in doubt as to which is the right word), and they will revive
like a grain that grows near the bank of a flood channel. Don't you see that it
comes out yellow and twisted?" Wuhaib stated: While narrating us 'Amr
(R.A) used the word 'hayat (life). Moreover he said,
"...goodness equal to the weight of a grain of mustard seed (Sahih Bukhari : 22)
Narrated
Anas The Prophet said, "Whoever possesses the following three qualities
will have the sweetness (delight) of faith:
1.
The one to whom Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad) become dearer than anything
else.
2.
Who loves a person and he loves him only for Allah's sake.
3.
Who hates to revert to atheism (disbelief) as he hates to be thrown into the
fire." (Sahih Bukhari : 16)
Whoever
hates to revert to Kufr (atheism or disbelief) as he hates to be
thrown in fire, is a part of faith.
Narrated
Anas The Prophet said, "Whoever possesses the following three qualities
will taste the sweetness of faith:
1.
The one to whom Allah (SWT) and His Messenger Muhammad become dearer than
anything else.
2.
Who loves a person and he loves him only for Allah's sake.
3.
Who hates to revert to disbelief (atheism) after Allah (SWT) has brought him
out (saved him) from it, as he hates to be thrown in fire." (Sahih Bukhari : 21)
Islam enjoins upon the believer five prayers
every day. These ritual prayers must be performed in the direction of Mecca and
involve first standing, inclining, prostrating oneself, and sitting. The call
to prayer is sounded by the muezzin (Muslim crier) from a tower (minaret)
within the mosque. The prayers are read from the Qur'an and must be chanted
from memory in Arabiyya, or the classical Arabic of the Qur'an . It is not
allowed to either have a book in one's hand or to chant the Quranic prayers in
another language. Personal prayers, called du'a in Arabic, can be made in one's
own language.
Verily
Salat restrains (oneself) from immorality and all that is forbidden. (Qur’an 29: 45)
Surely
those who believe and do good deeds, and establish Salat (prayer) and pay Zakah
will have their reward with their Lord, and there is no fear for them, nor
shall they grieve. (Qur’an 2: 277)
Recite
(O Prophet) what is revealed to you of the Book, and establish Salat “ Surely
Salat restrains one from shameful and evil acts. Indeed remembrance of Allah is
the greatest of all things. Allah knows what you do. (Qur’an 29:45)
O
you who believe, seek help through patience and prayer. Surely, Allah is with
those who are patient. (Qur’an 2:153)
O
you who believe, respond to Allah and the Messenger when He calls you to what
gives you life, and be sure that Allah intervenes between man and his heart,
and that to Him you shall be gathered (Qur’an
8:24)
Surely,
I AM ALLAH. There is no god but Myself, so worship Me, and establish Salah for
My remembrance. (Qur’an 20:14)
O
you who believe, when you rise for Salah, (prayer) wash your faces and your
hands up to the elbows, and make wash (wiping by hands) of your heads and
(wash) your feet up to the ankles. If you are in a state of major impurity,
cleanse yourselves well (by taking bath). If you are sick, or on a journey, or
if one of you has come after relieving himself, or you have had sexual contact
with women, and you find no water, then, go for some clean dust and wipe your
faces and hands with it. Allah does not like to impose a problem on you; He,
rather likes to cleanse you and to complete
His
favour upon you, so that you may be grateful. (Qur’an
5:6)
Jabir
Ibn 'Abdullah (R A) narrates that Muhammed (PBUH) said: The key to Paradise is
Salat and the key to Salat is Wudu. (Musnad
Ahmad)
Abu
Hurairah (R A) narrates that Muhammed (PBUH) said: The five times Salat and the
prayer of Friday to Friday, and the fasting of Ramadan to Ramadan, are
atonements for sins that have been committed between them, provided the sinner
avoids major sins. (Sahih Muslim)
Anas
(R A) narrates that Muhammed (PBUH) said: The comfort and delight of
my eyes has been placed in Salat. (Nasai)
Ali
(R A) narrates that the last words of Muhammed (PBUH) were: As-Salat,
as-Salat* fear Allah about those whom your right hand possesses (your slaves
and subordinates). (Abu Dawud)
Note:
* Vigilantly observe, guard and establish Salat.
3- Saum (Fast) Ramadan :
Narrated
Abu Hurairah Allah's Messenge said, "Whoever observes Saum (fasts)
during the month of Ramadan cut of sincere faith, and hoping to attain Allah's
Rewards, then all his past sins will he forgiven. (Sahih Bukhari : 38)
It
was narrated from Abu Hurairah [may Allah be pleased with him] that the
Messenger of Allah said: "When Ramadân comes, the gates of Paradise are
opened and the gates of the Fire are closed, and the devils are fettered." (Sahih Muslim : 2495)
Abu
Hurairah [may Allah be pleased with them] said: "I heard the Messenger of
Allah it say: 'Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, says: "Every deed of the son
of Adam is for him, except fasting. It is for Me, and I shall reward for
it." By the One in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, the smell of the
mouth of the fasting person is better to Allah than the fragrance of
musk." (Sahih Muslim : 2704)
It
was narrated that Abu Sa'eed Al-Ithudri [may Allah be pleased with them] said:
"I heard the Messenger of Allah it say: 'Whoever fasts for one day in the
cause of Allah, Allah will remove his face (the distance of) seventy autumns'
from the Fire." (Sahih Muslim : 2713)
During the month of Ramadan, all believers must refrain from food, drink, and sexual relationships from dawn until dusk. The month of Ramadan occurs at different times of the year (the Muslim calendar is a lunar rather than a solar calendar), so the severity of the fast varies. The fast is intended to purify the believer as a renunciation of the world.
4-Zakat (Charity) :
And
they were commanded not, but that they should worship Allah, and worship none
but Him Alone (abstaining from ascribing
partners
to Him) and to perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as- salat) and to give Zakat, and that
is the right religion." (Qur’an
98 :5)
It
was narrated that Abu Hurairah said: "The Messenger of Allah
said:
'There is no day on which people wake up, but two Angels come down and one of
them says: O Allah, give more to the one who spends, and the other says: O
Allah, send destruction upon the one who withholds." (Sahih Muslim : 2336)
It
was narrated from Hudhaifah that the Prophet said: "Every good deed is
a charity." (Sahih Muslim : 2328)
It
was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet said: "Allah, may He be
blessed and exalted, says: 'O son of Adam, spend, and I shall spend on
you." And he said: "The right Hand of Allah is full and overflowing,
and nothing of that diminishes due to the night and the day."(Sahih Muslim : 2308)
It
was narrated that Abu Hurairah said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'A
Dinar that you spend in the cause of Allah, a Dinar that you spend to free a
slave, a Dinar that you give in charity to a needy person, and a Dinar that you
spend on your family – the greatest of them in reward, is the one that you
spend on your family." (Sahih Muslim :
2311)
It was narrated from Abu Mas'ud Al Badri that the
Prophet said: "If a Muslim spends on his family, seeking reward for
that with Allah, then it will be charity on his part." (Sahih Muslim : 2322)
The Qur'an does not vilify
the accumulation of wealth in fact, Islam manifestly understands the material
world as created for the enjoyment of humanity. However, one's duties to God
involve distributing one's wealth to the less fortunate. This is instituted in
Islamic law, the Shari'ah, which constrains everyone to give the equivalent of
2 ½ (two & half) percent of their wealth to the poor in the form of taxes
(if one's wealth is in money). Islamic society, it is not unfair to assert, was
the first welfare state in existence! Just as the fast of Ramadan purifies the
believer through renouncing the world, the zakat purifies the believer by encouraging
a charitable disposition and a lack of attachment to worldly belongings.
5-Hajj (The pilgrimage to
Mecca):
Every believer must once
in their life make a pilgrimage to the Ka'bah, the sacred shrine of Islam in
Mecca. By recreating many of the events of the life of Abraham and Ishmael who
are, in Islamic tradition, the founders of the Ka'bah, one injects oneself into
the core of Islamic history and re-evaluates one's life and one's society in
the perspective of that history.
The
first house set up for the people is surely the one in Makkah having blessings
and guidance for all the worlds.(
Qur’an 3:96)
and
announce among people about (the obligation of) Hajj, so that they should come
to you on foot, and on every camel turned lean, traveling through every distant
hilly pathway, ( Qur’an 22:27)
Have
they not, then, traveled on earth so that they should have had hearts to
understand with, or ears to listen with? The fact is that it is not the eyes
that turn blind, but what turns blind is the hearts contained in the chests.(Qur’an 22:46)
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